{"id":9307,"date":"2025-11-01T01:40:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-01T01:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tristel.com\/asia-en\/latest-news\/\/"},"modified":"2026-02-24T01:44:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T01:44:00","slug":"hais-causes-effects-and-prevention-strategies-page","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tristel.com\/asia-en\/latest-news\/hais-causes-effects-and-prevention-strategies-page\/","title":{"rendered":"Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) in Focus: Causes, Risks and Prevention Strategies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HAIs-Medical-Treatment-header-image-992x475.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22599\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:900px;height:270px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-h-5-font-size\">Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are defined by the NHS as infections which are developed either as a result of healthcare interventions (e.g. medical or surgical treatments), or from being in contact with a healthcare setting<sup>1<\/sup>. HAIs pose a real threat to patients, staff and visitors in healthcare worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3c730474e8a6e3834376287514b2a4ac\" id=\"h-what-s-the-real-world-impact-of-hais\">What\u2019s the real-world impact of HAIs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center has-small-font-size\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:240px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-21776\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Increased-financial-burdens-992x661.png\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-font-size\">Increased financial burdens on healthcare systems<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:240px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-21788 size-large\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Long-term-disability-992x656.png\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-font-size\">Long-term disability and high mortality rates<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:240px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-21779 size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Longer-Hospital-stays-320x320.png\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-font-size\">Longer hospital stays<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:240px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-21791 size-large\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Impacts-on-patients-992x661.jpeg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-font-size\">Significant impacts on patients and their families<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:240px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-21793 size-large\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Microorganisms-resistance-992x661.jpeg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-font-size\">Increased resistance of microorganisms<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2a9293169872559d3df081791b9f5a37\" id=\"h-what-are-the-most-common-hais\">What are the most common HAIs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While HAIs can arise from many causes, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) highlights the following as significant threats to public health:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Clostridioides difficile<\/em> (<em>C. difficile<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Escherichia coli <\/em>(<em>E. coli<\/em>) bloodstream infections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Klebsiella<\/em> species (<em>Klebsiella spp.<\/em>) bloodstream infections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus<\/em> <em>aureus<\/em> (MRSA) bloodstream infections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Methicillin-susceptible <em>Staphylococcus<\/em> <em>aureus<\/em> (MSSA) bloodstream infections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa <\/em>(<em>P. aeruginosa<\/em>) bloodstream infections<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In FY2022\/2023, over 84,000 reported cases of HAIs were reported in England alone. This was a 4.4% increase from the previous year.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-075b6264c894192770efd01a02b36e26\" id=\"h-what-causes-hais\">What causes HAIs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-992x662.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22601\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p><strong>Healthcare interventions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>HAIs can be caused directly from medical or surgical procedures, including through catheters, IV lines, mechanical ventilation or surgical wounds. <sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HAIs-Contaminated-Enviornment-992x662.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22620\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p><strong>Contaminated healthcare environments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poor cleaning protocols or inadequate disinfection of reusable medical devices can contribute to the spread of pathogens via surfaces and equipment in hospitals and clinics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HAIs-Inadequate-hygiene-992x523.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22645\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p><strong>Transmission from healthcare workers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inadequate hygiene or improper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) can lead to cross-contamination between patients.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/HAIs-Patient-vulnerability-992x659.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22647\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p><strong>Patient vulnerability<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Patients with weakened immune systems due to age, illness or treatments are more susceptible to HAIs, plus long hospital stays, and frequent antibiotic use increases the risk.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fdee954ac09a7d8d6299a0dc1f98c951\" id=\"h-how-are-hais-transmitted\">How are HAIs transmitted?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Direct contact:<\/strong> Between patients and healthcare staff or contaminated surfaces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Device-related: <\/strong>Through devices such as endocavity ultrasound probes, endoscopes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fecal-oral:<\/strong> Particularly for infections like <em>C. difficile<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Airborne:<\/strong> Especially in poorly ventilated areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ba51243f9b1c06e3509184e43945a741\" id=\"h-what-risks-are-associated-with-hais\">What risks are associated with HAIs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ed5765b5c257505d3363eacf0f7ecd87\" id=\"h-increased-morbidity-and-mortality\">Increased morbidity and mortality: <\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>HAIs can cause serious complications such as sepsis and organ failure. In 2016\/2017, an estimated 28,500 patient deaths were attributed to HAIs in NHS hospitals in England.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8fff9f3c6073e1821c908ef242d03d95\" id=\"h-prolonged-hospitalisation\">Prolonged hospitalisation<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Patients with HAIs often require longer hospital stays, increasing the risk of exposure to pathogens, leading to further complications and strain on hospital resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43ccde52533a09f7c9e234572484b7eb\" id=\"h-antibiotic-resistance-amr\">Antibiotic resistance (AMR)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Infections cause by MRSA and <em>C. difficile <\/em>are harder to treat due to the <a href=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/latest-news\/the-fight-against-antimicrobial-resistance-disinfect-responsibly\/\">pathogen&#8217;s developed resistance<\/a>, leading to more complex and prolonged treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2c504c72bc7404571b70389be34c3399\" id=\"h-economic-burden\">Economic burden<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the UKHSA\u2019s 2023 report, the estimated cost to the NHS for HAIs was \u00a36 billion.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-teal-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3fe06d696c6595cd627ac12b386f2abe\" id=\"h-bed-occupancy\">Bed occupancy<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2016\/2017, HAIs accounted for approximately 7.1 million occupied hospital bed days across NHS hospitals in England, representing 21% of all annual NHS bed days.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-purple-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a04a7a558004a56a337c790e52e0ea38\" id=\"h-preventing-hais\">Preventing HAIs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Choosing the right disinfectant is critical when it comes to preventing HAIs. Many disinfectants&nbsp;have over-complicated and variable dilution rates, multiple contact times to follow, or do not meet the requirements for the correct level of disinfection. These issues can lead to improper disinfection, contributing to the spread of HAIs and resistant organisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>When choosing your disinfectant, look for:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hidden-Risks-Efficacy-992x558.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22295\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><strong>Sporicidal efficacy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensure your disinfectant is effective against bacterial spores. An easy way to confirm this is that it has demonstrated efficacy to the <strong>EN 17126 and EN 17846<\/strong> tests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<p><strong>One dilution rate, one contact time<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avoid human error with a disinfectant that is effective at one dilution rate and one contact time, without the need for calculating the required concentration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hidden-Risks-Dilution-Rate-992x868.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22304\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tristel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/AdobeStock_1423012889-992x661.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-22593\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<p><strong>Guideline compliance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Check the local guidelines and compare how your disinfection protocol measures up, from pre-cleaning to traceability.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Choosing a disinfectant that meets these requirements reduces the risk of spreading HAIs, helping to protect patients, staff, and the wider community while supporting safer, more resilient healthcare environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Get in touch with us today to discuss how we can help improve your disinfection protocols<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>1 <\/sup>NHS England. (n.d.). <em>Healthcare-associated infections<\/em>. Retrieved August 20, 2025, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/patient-safety\/healthcare-associated-infections\/\">https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/patient-safety\/healthcare-associated-infections\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>2<\/sup> UK Health Security Agency. (2025, May 15). <em>30-day all-cause mortality following MRSA, MSSA and Gram-negative bacteraemia and C. difficile infections: 2022 to 2023 report<\/em>. GOV.UK. Retrieved from  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/mrsa-mssa-and-e-coli-bacteraemia-and-c-difficile-infection-30-day-all-cause-fatality\/30-day-all-cause-mortality-following-mrsa-mssa-and-gram-negative-bacteraemia-and-c-difficile-infections-2022-to-2023-report\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/mrsa-mssa-and-e-coli-bacteraemia-and-c-difficile-infection-30-day-all-cause-fatality\/30-day-all-cause-mortality-following-mrsa-mssa-and-gram-negative-bacteraemia-and-c-difficile-infections-2022-to-2023-report<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>3<\/sup> NHS England. (n.d.). <em>Healthcare associated infections<\/em>. Retrieved August 20, 2025, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/patient-safety\/healthcare-associated-infections\/\">https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/patient-safety\/healthcare-associated-infections\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>4<\/sup> Guest, J. F., Keating, T., Gould, D., &amp; Wigglesworth, N. (2020). Modelling the annual NHS costs and outcomes attributable to healthcare-associated infections in England. <em>BMJ Open, 10<\/em>(1), e033367. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033367\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033367<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>5<\/sup> UK Health Security Agency. (2024, October 31). <em>Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) statistics<\/em>. GOV.UK. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/healthcare-associated-infections-hcai-statistics\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/healthcare-associated-infections-hcai-statistics<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are defined by the NHS as infections which are developed either as a result of healthcare interventions (e.g. medical or surgical treatments), or from being in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[64],"media_type":[5],"portfolio":[13,12],"discipline":[],"class_list":["post-9307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-under-the-microscopes","media_type-blog","portfolio-cache","portfolio-tristel"],"acf":[],"featured_media_global":{"id":22601,"title":{"rendered":"Asian doctor and an assistant in the operating room for surgical"},"description":{"rendered":""},"caption":{"rendered":"Asian doctor and an assistant in the operating room for surgical venous vascular surgery clinic in hospital."},"alt_text":"","media_type":"image","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","media_details":{"width":2048,"height":1366,"file":"2025\/09\/HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-scaled.jpeg","filesize":223435,"sizes":{"medium":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-768x512.jpeg","width":768,"height":512,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":47586},"large":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-992x662.jpeg","width":992,"height":662,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":70330},"thumbnail":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-320x320.jpeg","width":320,"height":320,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":17443},"xsmall":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-320x213.jpeg","width":320,"height":213,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":13632},"small":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-576x384.jpeg","width":576,"height":384,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":31228},"x-large":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-1200x800.jpeg","width":1200,"height":800,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":94619},"xx-large":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-1400x934.jpeg","width":1400,"height":934,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":120565},"xxx-large":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-1600x1067.jpeg","width":1600,"height":1067,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":149507},"hero":{"file":"HAIs-Surgical-Treatmet-Featured-Image-1920x1281.jpeg","width":1920,"height":1281,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":201824}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"2.8","credit":"ake1150 - 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